In the absence of an adequate assessment, new hydropower schemes may end up submerging heritage sites and areas of cultural value. The construction of infrastructure, roads and power lines can also disturb or damage items with cultural significance.  This may in cases result in the loss of, or damage to, sites with religious or ceremonial meaning for people. 

Without sufficient involvement of relevant local and cultural groups, the values and risks for heritage issues may not be realised and adequately addressed.